What is the change in the eyes
Fundus changes refer to abnormal changes in the structures of the retina, optic nerve, blood vessels, etc. in the posterior eyeball, which are usually found through fundus examination. In recent years, with the improvement of health awareness and the development of medical technology, fundus changes have become one of the hot topics of health. The following are popular discussions and structured data on fundus changes across the Internet in the past 10 days.
1. Common types of fundus changes
| type | describe | Related diseases |
|---|---|---|
| Retinal bleeding | Bleeding caused by rupture of retinal blood vessels | Diabetic retinopathy, hypertension |
| Optic disc edema | Swelling of the optic nerve head | Increased intracranial pressure, optic neuritis |
| Macular degeneration | Macular structure degeneration | Age-related macular degeneration |
| Retinal detachment | Separation of retina from underlying tissue | High myopia, trauma |
2. Popular topics about fundus changes in the past 10 days
1.Application of AI technology in fundus screening: Several technology companies have announced the launch of AI-assisted fundus diagnostic tools that can quickly identify diseases such as diabetic retinopathy.
2.Increased myopia rate and changes in the fundus of adolescents: Experts pointed out that high myopia may lead to fundus lesions such as thinning of the retinal and cracks, and call for strengthening prevention and control.
3.Study on fundus abnormalities in people who recovered from COVID-19: Latest research shows that some people who have recovered from COVID-19 have microvascular changes, which may be related to systemic inflammatory response.
4.Updated fundus monitoring guidelines for patients with diabetes: The International Diabetes Alliance recommends that patients with type 1 diabetes undergo the first fundus examination within 5 years after diagnosis.
3. Comparison of fundus examination methods
| Inspection method | advantage | shortcoming | Applicable groups |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direct ophthalmoscope examination | Simple operation and low cost | Limited vision, rely on doctor experience | Routine physical examination |
| Indirect ophthalmoscope | Large field of vision and strong three-dimensional sense | Need to dilate myds and feel strong discomfort | People with suspected retinopathy |
| Fundus photography | Can record and easy to follow up | Equipment is expensive | Patients with chronic diseases |
| OCT examination | High resolution, tomography | Higher cost | Patients with macular disease |
4. Prevention measures for fundus changes
1.Controlling underlying diseases: Patients with hypertension and diabetes need to strictly control their blood sugar and blood pressure, and have regular fundus examinations.
2.Use the eyes scientifically: Avoid using the eyes at close range for a long time and follow the "20-20-20" rule (see 20 feet away for 20 seconds every 20 minutes).
3.Nutritional supplements: Supplement lutein, zeaxanthin and other eye protection nutrients, and eat more dark vegetables.
4.Smoking cessation and alcohol restriction: Smoking will aggravate renal vascular lesions, and alcohol may affect optic nerve metabolism.
5.Regular inspections: It is recommended to have an eye examination once a year for people over 40 years old, and people with high myopia need to be more frequent.
5. The treatment progress of fundus changes
| Treatment method | Indications | Latest progress |
|---|---|---|
| Laser therapy | Diabetic retinopathy | Micro-pulse laser technology reduces tissue damage |
| Vitral injection | Macular edema | New anti-VEGF drugs extend the dosing interval |
| Gene therapy | Hereditary retinopathy | Breakthroughs in multiple clinical trials |
| Stem cell therapy | Retinal pigment degeneration | Preliminary study shows safety and feasibility |
Fundus changes are a window for a variety of systemic diseases and eye diseases, and timely examination and discovery can help with early intervention. With the advancement of medical technology, the diagnosis and treatment methods of fundus diseases are constantly being updated, bringing more hope to patients. It is recommended that high-risk people undergo regular fundus examinations to achieve early detection and early treatment.
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